[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH v5] avformat/dvd: new dvd:// protocol for reading dvd folder/images

[Stanislav Ionascu <stanislav.ionascu@gmail.com>]

dvd:// protocol uses libdvdread for opening folders and/or disc-images,
it then either identifies the longest title-set, or uses the title-set
parameter.

After opening the dvd, libdvdread-protocol will read and output all
VOBs, in the cell and pack sequence defined by the program-chain.

The (split)-VOB content that is streamed from the folder/disc by
libdvdread, is given to ffmpeg probed demuxer/decoder, which decodes
and presents the frames.

The chapter and language stream information is present in the
side-files (BUP/IFO), which are parsed for identifying the correct
main video-title-set, but not attached to the stream information.

Signed-off-by: Stanislav Ionascu <stanislav.ionascu@gmail.com>
---
 configure               |   5 +
 doc/protocols.texi      |  61 ++++++++
 libavformat/Makefile    |   1 +
 libavformat/dvd.c       | 327 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 libavformat/protocols.c |   1 +
 5 files changed, 395 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 libavformat/dvd.c

diff --git a/configure b/configure
index df69d39669..4dcd1f1484 100755
--- a/configure
+++ b/configure
@@ -230,6 +230,7 @@ External library support:
   --enable-libdavs2        enable AVS2 decoding via libdavs2 [no]
   --enable-libdc1394       enable IIDC-1394 grabbing using libdc1394
                            and libraw1394 [no]
+  --enable-libdvdread      enable DVD reading using libdvdread [no]
   --enable-libfdk-aac      enable AAC de/encoding via libfdk-aac [no]
   --enable-libflite        enable flite (voice synthesis) support via libflite [no]
   --enable-libfontconfig   enable libfontconfig, useful for drawtext filter [no]
@@ -1814,6 +1815,7 @@ EXTERNAL_LIBRARY_LIST="
     libdav1d
     libdc1394
     libdrm
+    libdvdread
     libflite
     libfontconfig
     libfreetype
@@ -3557,6 +3559,7 @@ xv_outdev_deps="xlib_xv xlib_x11 xlib_xext"
 # protocols
 async_protocol_deps="threads"
 bluray_protocol_deps="libbluray"
+dvd_protocol_deps="libdvdread"
 ffrtmpcrypt_protocol_conflict="librtmp_protocol"
 ffrtmpcrypt_protocol_deps_any="gcrypt gmp openssl mbedtls"
 ffrtmpcrypt_protocol_select="tcp_protocol"
@@ -6568,6 +6571,8 @@ enabled libdav1d          && require_pkg_config libdav1d "dav1d >= 0.5.0" "dav1d
 enabled libdavs2          && require_pkg_config libdavs2 "davs2 >= 1.6.0" davs2.h davs2_decoder_open
 enabled libdc1394         && require_pkg_config libdc1394 libdc1394-2 dc1394/dc1394.h dc1394_new
 enabled libdrm            && require_pkg_config libdrm libdrm xf86drm.h drmGetVersion
+enabled libdvdread        && enable dvdread
+enabled dvdread           && require_pkg_config libdvdread dvdread "dvdread/dvd_reader.h" DVDOpen2
 enabled libfdk_aac        && { check_pkg_config libfdk_aac fdk-aac "fdk-aac/aacenc_lib.h" aacEncOpen ||
                                { require libfdk_aac fdk-aac/aacenc_lib.h aacEncOpen -lfdk-aac &&
                                  warn "using libfdk without pkg-config"; } }
diff --git a/doc/protocols.texi b/doc/protocols.texi
index 21ae6181a0..ec5be9c6e5 100644
--- a/doc/protocols.texi
+++ b/doc/protocols.texi
@@ -275,6 +275,67 @@ For example, to convert a GIF file given inline with @command{ffmpeg}:
 ffmpeg -i "data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODdhCAAIAMIEAAAAAAAA//8AAP//AP///////////////ywAAAAACAAIAAADF0gEDLojDgdGiJdJqUX02iB4E8Q9jUMkADs=" smiley.png
 @end example
 
+@section dvd
+
+Reads DVD titles from image or folder backups.
+
+After opening the dvd, the protocol will read and output the VOBs,
+associated with the longest or requested @command{title}, in the cell
+and pack sequence defined by the program-chain. It will stop, when reaching
+the end of the @command{title}.
+
+@subsection Limitations
+
+There are some limitations in the stream information that this protocol
+provides:
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+Some of the streams, like subtitles, are discovered by @command{ffmpeg} while
+parsing the DVD stream, thus large enough @command{probesize} and @command{analyzeduration}
+are needed to discover those while probing or remuxing.
+@item
+The protocol does not handle the presentation or decoding timestamps, as decoding is done by
+the probed decoder, VOB. And so it might be necessary to generate the presentation
+timestamps for formats that need them via @command{-fflag +genpts}.
+@item
+The chapter and language stream information is present in the side-files (BUP/IFO),
+that are parsed for identifying the correct main video-title-set, but are not attached
+to the stream information.
+@end itemize
+
+The accepted options are:
+@table @option
+
+@item angle
+DVD angle
+
+@item title
+DVD title to read (VIDEO_TS/VTS_??_??.mpls)
+
+@end table
+
+@subsection Examples
+
+Read longest title from DVD mounted to /mnt/dvd:
+@example
+dvd:/mnt/dvd
+@end example
+
+Read longest title from DVD image backup /mnt/nfs/dvd.iso:
+@example
+dvd:/mnt/nfs/dvd.iso
+@end example
+
+Read title 6 and angle 1 from DVD mounted to /mnt/dvd:
+@example
+-title 6 -angle 1 dvd:/mnt/dvd
+@end example
+
+Remux longest title from DVD mounted to /mnt/dvd into Matroska container, while skipping the unsupported @code{dvd_nav_packet} stream:
+@example
+-fflags +genpts -probesize 20M -analyzeduration 20M dvd:/mnt/dvd -map 0:0 -map -0:0 -codec copy out.mkv
+@end example
+
 @section fd
 
 File descriptor access protocol.
diff --git a/libavformat/Makefile b/libavformat/Makefile
index fa71ec12f7..b58ea0f4ac 100644
--- a/libavformat/Makefile
+++ b/libavformat/Makefile
@@ -644,6 +644,7 @@ OBJS-$(CONFIG_CONCAT_PROTOCOL)           += concat.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_CONCATF_PROTOCOL)          += concat.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_CRYPTO_PROTOCOL)           += crypto.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_DATA_PROTOCOL)             += data_uri.o
+OBJS-$(CONFIG_DVD_PROTOCOL)              += dvd.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_FFRTMPCRYPT_PROTOCOL)      += rtmpcrypt.o rtmpdigest.o rtmpdh.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_FFRTMPHTTP_PROTOCOL)       += rtmphttp.o
 OBJS-$(CONFIG_FILE_PROTOCOL)             += file.o
diff --git a/libavformat/dvd.c b/libavformat/dvd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7a70189c69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libavformat/dvd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+/*
+ * DVD (libdvdread) protocol
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Stan Ionascu <stanislav.ionascu@gmail.com>
+ *
+ * This file is part of FFmpeg.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+ * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ */
+
+#include <dvdread/dvd_reader.h>
+#include <dvdread/ifo_read.h>
+#include <dvdread/ifo_print.h>
+
+#include "libavformat/avformat.h"
+#include "libavformat/url.h"
+#include "libavutil/avstring.h"
+#include "libavutil/opt.h"
+
+#define DVD_PROTO_PREFIX "dvd:"
+#define DVD_SECTOR_SIZE 2048
+
+typedef struct {
+    const AVClass *class;
+
+    dvd_reader_t *dvd;
+    dvd_logger_cb dvd_logger;
+
+    int title_nr;
+    int angle_nr;
+    dvd_file_t *dvd_title_file;
+    ifo_handle_t *vmg_ifo;
+    ifo_handle_t *vts_ifo;
+    pgc_t *current_pgc;
+    int current_cell;
+
+    int start_sector;
+    int current_sector;
+    int end_sector;
+
+} DvdProtocolContext;
+
+static int bcd2int(int bcd)
+{
+    return (((bcd & 0xf0) >> 4) * 10 + (bcd & 0x0f));
+}
+
+static void dvd_logger_ff(void *opaque, dvd_logger_level_t dvd_level, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+    int level = AV_LOG_TRACE;
+    if (dvd_level == DVD_LOGGER_LEVEL_ERROR) {
+        level = AV_LOG_ERROR;
+    } else if (dvd_level == DVD_LOGGER_LEVEL_WARN) {
+        level = AV_LOG_WARNING;
+    } else if (dvd_level == DVD_LOGGER_LEVEL_INFO) {
+        level = AV_LOG_INFO;
+    } else if (dvd_level == DVD_LOGGER_LEVEL_DEBUG) {
+        level = AV_LOG_DEBUG;
+    }
+    av_vlog(opaque, level, fmt, args);
+    /* add new line */
+    av_log(opaque, level, "\n");
+}
+
+static int ff_dvd_get_title_set_length(ifo_handle_t *vts_ifo, tt_srpt_t *tt_srpt, int title_nr)
+{
+    /* reindex 1 => 0 */
+    int vts_title_number = tt_srpt->title[title_nr].vts_ttn - 1;
+    int pgc_number = vts_ifo->vts_ptt_srpt->title[vts_title_number].ptt[0].pgcn;
+    dvd_time_t *playback_time = &vts_ifo->vts_pgcit->pgci_srp[pgc_number - 1].pgc->playback_time;
+
+    return (bcd2int(playback_time->hour) * 3600 +
+            bcd2int(playback_time->minute) * 60 +
+            bcd2int(playback_time->second)) * 1000;
+}
+
+static void ff_dvd_set_program_chain_info(DvdProtocolContext *ctx, int title_nr, int ptt_nr)
+{
+    /* reindex 1 => 0 */
+    int vts_title_number = ctx->vmg_ifo->tt_srpt->title[title_nr].vts_ttn - 1;
+    ptt_info_t *ptt = &ctx->vts_ifo->vts_ptt_srpt->title[vts_title_number].ptt[ptt_nr];
+    int pgc_id = ptt->pgcn;
+    int pgn  = ptt->pgn;
+
+    ctx->current_pgc = ctx->vts_ifo->vts_pgcit->pgci_srp[pgc_id - 1].pgc;
+    ctx->current_cell = ctx->current_pgc->program_map[pgn - 1] - 1;
+
+    /* change angle */
+    if(ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[ctx->current_cell].block_type == BLOCK_TYPE_ANGLE_BLOCK ) {
+      ctx->current_cell += ctx->angle_nr;
+    }
+
+    ctx->current_sector = ctx->start_sector = ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[ctx->current_cell].first_sector;
+    ctx->end_sector = ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[ctx->current_cell].last_sector;
+}
+
+static int ff_dvd_get_next_cell(DvdProtocolContext *ctx)
+{
+    int next_cell = ctx->current_cell;
+
+    /* fast-forward until last-cell */
+    if (ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[next_cell].block_type == BLOCK_TYPE_ANGLE_BLOCK) {
+        ctx->current_cell += ctx->angle_nr;
+        while (next_cell < ctx->current_pgc->nr_of_cells &&
+                ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[next_cell].block_type != BLOCK_MODE_LAST_CELL) {
+            next_cell++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* take next cell */
+    next_cell++;
+    if (next_cell >= ctx->current_pgc->nr_of_cells) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return next_cell;
+}
+
+static int dvd_url_close(URLContext *h)
+{
+    DvdProtocolContext *ctx = h->priv_data;
+    ifoClose(ctx->vts_ifo);
+    ifoClose(ctx->vmg_ifo);
+    DVDCloseFile(ctx->dvd_title_file);
+    DVDClose(ctx->dvd);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int dvd_url_open(URLContext *h, const char *path, int flags)
+{
+    DvdProtocolContext *ctx = h->priv_data;
+    const char *dvd_path = path;
+    ifo_handle_t *vmg_ifo, *vts_ifo;
+    tt_srpt_t *tt_srpt;
+    int num_vts, num_titles;
+    int longest_title_nr;
+    int64_t longest_title_length_ms = 0;
+    int vts_nr;
+    int title_set_nr;
+    char disc_volume_id[32];
+
+    ctx->vmg_ifo = ctx->vts_ifo = NULL;
+    ctx->dvd_logger.pf_log = &dvd_logger_ff;
+
+    /* strip protocol from path */
+    av_strstart(path, DVD_PROTO_PREFIX, &dvd_path);
+
+    /* open dvd folder or disc */
+    if ((ctx->dvd = DVDOpen2(h, &ctx->dvd_logger, dvd_path)) == NULL) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "DVDOpen(%s) failed\n", dvd_path);
+        return AVERROR(EIO);
+    }
+
+    if (DVDUDFVolumeInfo(ctx->dvd, &disc_volume_id[0], 32, NULL, 0) == 0) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "opened disc-volume-id: %s\n", disc_volume_id);
+    }
+
+    /* read toc */
+    if ((vmg_ifo = ifoOpen(ctx->dvd, 0)) == NULL) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "ifoOpen(0) failed\n");
+        return AVERROR(EIO);
+    }
+
+    /* read titles */
+    num_vts = vmg_ifo->vts_atrt->nr_of_vtss;
+    num_titles = vmg_ifo->tt_srpt->nr_of_srpts;
+    av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "there are %d usable titles\n", num_titles);
+
+    /* get title-set info(s) */
+    tt_srpt = vmg_ifo->tt_srpt;
+    if (ctx->title_nr >= num_titles) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "invalid title id %d\n", ctx->title_nr);
+        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
+    }
+
+    for (vts_nr = 1; vts_nr <= num_vts; vts_nr++) {
+        int title_nr;
+        for (title_nr = 0; title_nr < num_titles; title_nr++) {
+            int title_length_ms;
+
+            if (tt_srpt->title[title_nr].title_set_nr != vts_nr) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /* describe the title(s) info */
+            if ((vts_ifo = ifoOpen(ctx->dvd, vts_nr)) == NULL) {
+                av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "ifoOpen(%d) failed\n", title_nr);
+                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+            }
+
+            /* skip if video title set or program chain info is missing */
+            if (vts_ifo->vtsi_mat == NULL || vts_ifo->vts_pgcit == NULL) {
+                ifoClose(vts_ifo);
+                av_log(h, AV_LOG_TRACE, "skip title %d as no vts or pgc info is present\n",
+                        title_nr);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            /* skip if vts_ttn is incorrect */
+            if (tt_srpt->title[title_nr].vts_ttn < 1 ||
+                tt_srpt->title[title_nr].vts_ttn > num_titles) {
+                ifoClose(vts_ifo);
+                av_log(h, AV_LOG_WARNING, "skip title %d as vts_ttn is out of bounds\n",
+                        title_nr);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            title_length_ms = ff_dvd_get_title_set_length(vts_ifo, tt_srpt, title_nr);
+            av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "title %03d : (%d:%02d:%02d) and %d chapter(s)\n",
+                title_nr,
+                (title_length_ms / 3600000),
+                (title_length_ms % 3600000) / 60000,
+                (title_length_ms % 60000) / 1000,
+                tt_srpt->title[title_nr].nr_of_ptts);
+
+            if (longest_title_length_ms <= title_length_ms) {
+                longest_title_nr = title_nr;
+                longest_title_length_ms = title_length_ms;
+            }
+
+            ifoClose(vts_ifo);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (ctx->title_nr < 0) {
+        ctx->title_nr = longest_title_nr;
+    }
+
+    /* check if title selection is valid */
+    if (tt_srpt->title[ctx->title_nr].vts_ttn < 1 ||
+        tt_srpt->title[ctx->title_nr].vts_ttn > num_titles) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "selected title %d is not valid, vts_ttn is out of bounds\n",
+                ctx->title_nr);
+        ifoClose(vmg_ifo);
+        return AVERROR(EIO);
+    }
+
+    av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "selected title %d\n", ctx->title_nr);
+
+    if (ctx->angle_nr > 0 && ctx->angle_nr >= tt_srpt->title[ctx->title_nr].nr_of_angles) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "incorrect angle selected %d out of %d angle(s)\n",
+                ctx->angle_nr,
+                tt_srpt->title[ctx->title_nr].nr_of_angles);
+    }
+
+    /* open request title_set info */
+    title_set_nr = tt_srpt->title[ctx->title_nr].title_set_nr;
+    if ((vts_ifo = ifoOpen(ctx->dvd, title_set_nr)) == NULL) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_INFO, "ifoOpen(%d) failed\n", title_set_nr);
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+    }
+
+    /* open file */
+    if ((ctx->dvd_title_file = DVDOpenFile(ctx->dvd, title_set_nr, DVD_READ_TITLE_VOBS)) == NULL) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "DVDOpenFile(%d) failed\n", title_set_nr);
+        return AVERROR(EIO);
+    }
+
+    ctx->vmg_ifo = vmg_ifo;
+    ctx->vts_ifo = vts_ifo;
+
+    ff_dvd_set_program_chain_info(ctx, ctx->title_nr, 0);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int dvd_url_read(URLContext *h, unsigned char *buf, int size)
+{
+    DvdProtocolContext *ctx = h->priv_data;
+    ssize_t blocks_got;
+    int num_blocks = size / DVD_SECTOR_SIZE;
+
+    if (ctx->current_sector >= ctx->end_sector) {
+        int next_cell = ff_dvd_get_next_cell(ctx);
+        if (next_cell < 0) {
+            return AVERROR_EOF;
+        }
+
+        ctx->current_cell = next_cell;
+        ctx->start_sector = ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[ctx->current_cell].first_sector;
+        ctx->end_sector = ctx->current_pgc->cell_playback[ctx->current_cell].last_sector;
+        ctx->current_sector = ctx->start_sector;
+    }
+
+    /* read all sectors that fit into buf */
+    blocks_got = DVDReadBlocks(ctx->dvd_title_file, ctx->current_sector, num_blocks, buf);
+    if (blocks_got <= 0) {
+        av_log(h, AV_LOG_ERROR, "failed to DVDReadBlocks() %d blocks at offset %d\n",
+                num_blocks, ctx->current_sector);
+        return AVERROR(EIO);
+    }
+    ctx->current_sector += blocks_got;
+    return blocks_got <= 0 ? AVERROR_EOF : blocks_got * DVD_SECTOR_SIZE;
+}
+
+#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(DvdProtocolContext, x)
+static const AVOption options[] = {
+    {"title", "", OFFSET(title_nr), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64=-1 }, -1,  9999, AV_OPT_FLAG_DECODING_PARAM },
+    {"angle", "", OFFSET(angle_nr), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64=0 },   0,   256, AV_OPT_FLAG_DECODING_PARAM },
+    { NULL },
+};
+static const AVClass dvd_context_class = {
+    .class_name     = "dvd",
+    .item_name      = av_default_item_name,
+    .option         = options,
+    .version        = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
+};
+
+const URLProtocol ff_dvd_protocol = {
+    .name            = "dvd",
+    .url_close       = dvd_url_close,
+    .url_open        = dvd_url_open,
+    .url_read        = dvd_url_read,
+    .priv_data_size  = sizeof(DvdProtocolContext),
+    .priv_data_class = &dvd_context_class,
+};
diff --git a/libavformat/protocols.c b/libavformat/protocols.c
index 9491dc7d00..ab0c988caf 100644
--- a/libavformat/protocols.c
+++ b/libavformat/protocols.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ extern const URLProtocol ff_concatf_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_crypto_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_data_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_fd_protocol;
+extern const URLProtocol ff_dvd_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_ffrtmpcrypt_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_ffrtmphttp_protocol;
 extern const URLProtocol ff_file_protocol;
-- 
2.37.2

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